‘米乐|米乐·M6’台湾科技企业静悄悄向本土回迁

本文摘要：On the same day that Apple jolted the tech world with the announcementit will manufacture some Mac computers in the U.S., another piece of tech news slid by largely unnoticed: Two of Apples Taiwanese suppliers were also planning to bring jobs home.就在苹果(Apple)宣告它将在美国生产部分Mac电脑这一令其科技界愤慨的消息那一天，当天的另一则科技新闻却基本并未引发外界的留意，这则消息是：苹果的两家台湾供应商也计划将部分低收入岗位移往返台湾。

On the same day that Apple jolted the tech world with the announcementit will manufacture some Mac computers in the U.S., another piece of tech news slid by largely unnoticed: Two of Apples Taiwanese suppliers were also planning to bring jobs home.就在苹果(Apple)宣告它将在美国生产部分Mac电脑这一令其科技界愤慨的消息那一天，当天的另一则科技新闻却基本并未引发外界的留意，这则消息是：苹果的两家台湾供应商也计划将部分低收入岗位移往返台湾。Apples announcement has made bigger waves because Apple is Apple, and because outsourcing has long been a big headline-grabber in the U.S. But its also been bigger because, rather than trumpet their decision the way Apple has, the two Taiwanese companies -- Catcher Technology Co. and Largan Precision Co. -- havent sought the limelight.苹果的这则声明之所以能引发更大的反响，既是因为苹果却是是苹果，也是因为业务外包仍然是美国媒体肆意报导的消息。但还有一个原因就是，宣告将搬迁部分低收入岗位的可成科技(Catcher Technology Co.)和大立光电(Largan Precision Co.)原本就没有想像苹果那样大张旗鼓地宣传其搬迁部分生产业务的要求。

The announcement that Catcher and Largan planned to invest in new factories in Taiwan that will create some 3,800 jobs over the next few years came not from the companies, but from Taiwans government, which approved the companies investment plans on Dec. 6.宣告可成科技和大立光电计划在台湾投资成立新的工厂、并以此在未来几年建构大约3,800个低收入岗位这一消息的不是这两家公司，而是台湾政府。12月6日, 台湾政府批准后了这两家公司的投资计划。

This was supposed to be the first coup in a new Taiwanese sweetener program to lure businesses back home. But both Catcher and Largan -- which maintain operations on both sides of the strait -- have declined to make any on-the-record comments to China Real Time or other publications and have expressed their desire to avoid media attention. A Catcher official said that moving back was a mislabeling, as the company will continue to operate factories in China, despite expanding its Taiwan operations.两家公司在台湾投资设厂的计划未来将会沦为台湾政府在实施新的优惠措施以更有本地企业转往方面的首批成果，但可成科技和大立光电都拒绝接受向“中国实时报”栏目和其他出版发行渠道就此事公开发表月评论，并回应他们不期望媒体注目此事。这两家公司在台湾海峡两岸都有业务。可成科技的一名管理人士说道，称该公司将业务“搬迁”台湾是一种错误的众说纷纭，因为尽管它将不断扩大自己在台湾的业务，但可成科技仍将之后在中国大陆开办工厂。The difference between the two onshoring stories illustrates how Taiwans manufacturing woes, though similar in some ways to the U.S.s, are in other ways more complicated. Taiwans tech companies -- which have largely moved production to mainland China for cost reasons over the past few decades -- have to juggle delicate and sometimes conflicting relationships with governments on both sides of the strait, along with the interests of their big-brand foreign customers.苹果和这两家台湾公司在处置将业务搬迁本土一事上有如此有所不同的态度，这解释美台两地制造业所面对的困境有其不同之处。

台湾制造业所面对的艰难虽然在某些方面与美国相近，但在其他一些方面却更加简单。台湾的科技企业在过去几十年里早已基本上将其生产业务迁入到了中国大陆，以降低成本，但他们却被迫同时恰到好处好与海峡两岸的政府以及与他们大牌海外客户的商业利益间的错综复杂关系，而且这些关系有时还彼此不存在对立冲突。

With wages rising across China and growing labor unrest threatening operations at mainland factories, Taiwan sees an opportunity to try to convince its salmon to swim back home, as local media have put it. Officials at Taiwans Industrial Development Bureau, which announced Catchers and Largans factory plans, said they didnt know of any companies willing to discuss their participation in the program.由于中国各地的工资都在下跌，而中国大陆日益激增的劳工暴乱事件也在威胁着当地工厂的运营，台湾借此看见了劝说本地企业将业务搬迁台湾的机会，台湾当地媒体将这种搬迁称作“大马哈鱼回游”。台湾经济部工业局的官员们说道，他们不告诉有哪些台湾公司不愿谈论他们参予台湾政府更有本地企业转往的计划。

宣告可成科技和大立光电返台湾投资设厂计划的就是台湾经济部工业局。Hui-Ying Chen, deputy director of the IDBs industrial policy division, said Taiwanese companies returning to invest often want to stay low-key, possibly to avoid accidentally offending clients or the local governments they work with. She said that since many of these companies continue to run factories in China, they likely want to avoid saying anything that might come off as negative toward the business environment there. Moreover, Taiwanese upstream suppliers tend to hold a strong belief that any publicity is bad publicity.该局产业政策组副组长陈慧英说道，回到台湾投资的台湾企业经常期望维持高调，这有可能是为了防止无意中侮辱到客户或他们与之做事的地方政府。她说道，由于这些台湾企业有许多仍在中国大陆经营有工厂，他们也许期望防止公开发表任何可能会被理解为对大陆当地商业环境所持负面观点的言论。此外，台湾的上游供应商往往都深信，任何形式的公众注目都不是好事。

When they call for information, they will leave their telephone number, but often they wont even tell us what industry they are in, she said. Although they want to invest in Taiwan, many dont want their names announced.陈慧英说道，当台湾企业向经济部工业局有关部门咨询信息时，他们应当留给自己的电话号码，但他们甚至连自己归属于哪个行业都不愿透漏；虽然他们期望投资台湾，但他们不期望自己的名字被宣告出来。Taiwans new reinvestment incentives began last month, with an aggressive goal of more than doubling the returning investment from overseas Taiwanese businesses to 200 billion New Taiwan dollars (US$6.89 billion) over the next two years. Companies need to meet certain requirements, such as producing critical components or marketing products under their own brand.台湾新的发售的再行投资优惠措施于上月实施，其雄心勃勃的目标是，未来两年内使海外台湾企业重返台湾本土展开的投资增加一倍以上，超过新台币2,000亿元(合68.9亿美元)。企业要享用这些优惠措施必须符合几个条件，如在台湾生产最重要零部件以及用自有品牌展开产品营销等。The big lure is that returning companies can increase the proportion of foreign workers they hire to 40% of their work force from 30%, says Ms. Chen. Companies often cite a paucity of domestic blue-collar workers as a barrier.陈慧英说道，这些新的优惠措施的众多诱人之处是，回到台湾展开投资的企业可以将企业内外籍劳工占到员工总数的比例由目前的30%提升到40%。

台湾企业经常说道，本地蓝领工人严重不足是阻碍他们在台湾投资的一个因素。The measure has been controversial, though, especially among unions, who say that this opens the possibility of importing cheaper labor and disadvantaging domestic workers. Taiwan currently has the same minimum wage for foreign and domestic blue-collar workers, but business groups have been advocating separate wage tracks.但这些优惠措施也引起了争议，尤其是工会人士的反感，他们说道这些措施为台湾引入更为廉价的外籍劳工建构了可能性，而这种作法对本地劳工有利。目前台湾的本地蓝领工人和外籍蓝领工人都限于完全相同的最低工资标准，但台湾的商业团体仍然建议政府让这两个群体分别限于有所不同的最低工资标准。

The incentives have also drawn some criticism from economists such as Kenneth Lin, economics professor at National Taiwan University, who says the island needs to incentivize automation instead of cheap labor if it wants its companies to move up the value chain. Stan Shih, doyen of Taiwans tech industry and founder of the islands largest computer company Acer, also recently warned that Taiwan has to make sure the manufacturers it lures back produce high-value products.这些优惠措施也招来了台湾大学经济学教授林向恺等经济学家的抨击。他说道，如果台湾期望自己的企业沿着价值链向下上升，它必须采取措施希望这些企业提升自动化水平，而不是用于廉价劳工。台湾科技业资深人士、台湾仅次于电脑企业台积电股份有限公司(Acer)的创办人施振荣最近也警告说道，台湾必需保证它更有回去的制造商将生产低价值产品。

Acer Chairman J.T. Wang had a more positive appraisal. Local media quoted him as saying at a recent tech event that the focus on reinvestment was the most correct thing Taiwans government has done in five years.但台积电董事长王振堂对这些优惠措施却有更为大力的评价。台湾当地媒体在报导中援引他最近在一个科技界活动中的话说道，将关注点放到更有台湾企业返台再行投资上是台湾政府五年来腊的“最准确的事”。

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